Introduction

The Dujiangyan Irrigation System is a remarkable feat of ancient engineering that has stood the test of time. Built over 2,000 years ago, it is the oldest and only surviving non-dam irrigation system in the world, and it continues to provide water to the Chengdu Plain to this day. Recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, Dujiangyan is both a historical treasure and a marvel of sustainable engineering.

Image: The Dujiangyan Irrigation System with its ancient waterworks

History and Significance

Constructed during the Qin Dynasty in 256 BC by the visionary governor Li Bing, the Dujiangyan Irrigation System was designed to control the frequent flooding of the Min River and to provide water for irrigation. Unlike traditional dams, Dujiangyan diverts water without blocking the river, making it an environmentally sustainable solution. This ingenious system has turned the Chengdu Plain into one of China’s most fertile regions, earning it the nickname "Land of Abundance."

Image: A statue of Li Bing, the engineer behind the Dujiangyan Irrigation System

Main Attractions

• Yuzui Water-Dividing Dam: This fish-mouth-shaped dam is the core of the Dujiangyan system. It splits the Min River into two channels, controlling water flow and preventing flooding. Visitors can walk along the dam and marvel at the simplicity and effectiveness of this ancient design.

• Baopingkou (Bottle-Neck Channel): This narrow channel controls the flow of water into the Chengdu Plain. The precise engineering of Baopingkou allows for the regulation of water levels and distribution throughout the region, demonstrating the advanced understanding of hydraulics by ancient Chinese engineers.

• Anlan Suspension Bridge: This ancient bridge, originally built of bamboo, spans the Min River and offers spectacular views of the entire irrigation system. Walking across the bridge provides a unique perspective on the scale and impact of Dujiangyan.

Image: The Anlan Suspension Bridge with panoramic views of Dujiangyan

Natural Environment and Surroundings

Dujiangyan is not only an engineering marvel but also a scenic wonder. The surrounding area is lush with greenery, with the Min River flowing gracefully through the landscape. The nearby Mount Qingcheng, a Taoist sacred site, adds to the natural beauty of the area, making Dujiangyan a place where nature and human ingenuity coexist harmoniously.

• River Views: The Min River, with its clear waters, flows through the heart of Dujiangyan, providing a beautiful contrast to the green hills and ancient structures.
• Mount Qingcheng: Often visited in conjunction with Dujiangyan, Mount Qingcheng offers hiking trails and temples, making it a perfect complement to the historical visit.

Recommended Itinerary

Full-Day Tour:

• Morning: Start with a visit to the Yuzui Water-Dividing Dam and learn about the engineering principles behind the system.
• Midday: Explore Baopingkou and the surrounding ancient structures, followed by lunch at a local restaurant.
• Afternoon: Cross the Anlan Suspension Bridge and enjoy the panoramic views before heading to Mount Qingcheng for a hike.

Travel Tips

• Best Time to Visit: Dujiangyan is best visited in spring and autumn when the weather is pleasant and the surrounding landscape is at its most beautiful.
• Transportation: Located about 60 kilometers from Chengdu, Dujiangyan is easily accessible by train, bus, or car, with regular services from the city.

Conclusion

The Dujiangyan Irrigation System stands as a testament to ancient Chinese innovation and environmental stewardship. A visit here offers not only a journey into history but also an appreciation of sustainable engineering that has benefited generations.